Types of Bonding Chemistry in Hydrocarbons

Types of Bonding Chemistry in HydrocarbonsThere are three basic types of bonding in a hydrocarbon. The primary types of bonds that occur in a typical hydrocarbon are covalent, ionic-cation. Let's look at the properties of each type of bond that can occur in hydrocarbons. As a primer, most planes are covalent, while some are ionic.Covalent bonds are the primary type of bonds in hydrocarbons. In these types of bonds, one element and one metal are connected by chemical means. Hydrocarbons with two molecules of one base are referred to as covalent compounds. In this case, the bases are carbon and hydrogen. You would not consider alcohols and ketones as covalent compounds because they are not solids. They are molecular liquids, not solids.Ionic compounds are other forms of structural bonds. The common examples are aromatic hydrocarbons. In this case, the bonds between the oxygen atoms in an aromatic hydrocarbon are anionic. Typically, aromatic hydrocarbons are considered the first step of the chemical process.Ionic compounds are not true covalent. However, they are generally good ionic bonding materials. For example, dihydrotestosterone is an example of an ionic compound.Ionic-cation bonds are very important. In this type of bond, the hydroxyl groups of aromatic hydrocarbons, in particular, are connected to form covalent or ionic-cation bonds. Ozone and nitrogen are two examples of this type of bonding. The reason for this type of bonding is that the hydroxyl groups are covalently linked to a metal.In terms of reaction catalysts, the covalent and ionic-cation bonds are linked in a stoichiometric ratio. In this way, the reaction catalysts for the covalent and ionic-cation bonds do not have to be very different in structure. This type of bonding is easier to handle than covalent and ionic-cation bonding.The final type of bonding chemistry that can occur in hydrocarbons is called covalent functionalization. In this case, the covalent group has been reacted with the oxy gen of the aromatic hydrocarbon. The reaction occurs through the addition of some covalent functional groups. The formation of these compounds can be dangerous, so the reaction catalysts are generally chosen very carefully. This type of bonding is generally not a good thing, because the formation of covalent functional groups produces products that are very reactive.Once you have learned about the types of bonding in hydrocarbons, you will also need to understand the names for the types of compounds that occur. Aromatic hydrocarbons include ether, acetone, and ethyl ether. The structures of these are generally covalent, ionic-cation, or ionic-cation functionalized. Ketones and non-alkanes are also found in the categories, and their structure is often the same as aromatic hydrocarbons.

Class sizes - too big or too small - Tutor Hunt Blog

Class sizes - too big or too small Class sizes - too big or too small? Class sizes - too big or too small?SchoolsWhat is the ideal class size? Thirty seems to have become the normal number of pupils - but could this be too high, and even prove an impediment to effective teaching? How can one teacher possibly educate such a large number? Can they gauge the understanding of each and every pupil? There will surely not be enough time for them to attend to each and every student`s needs - and so their teaching manner will tend to assume that any one who doesn`t courageously ask for assistance has completely understood the lesson.In an ideal world perhaps each pupil would have their own teacher, or even a host of teachers. With this focused attention the lessons could be moulded to suit their character. We all learn differently, and with time to spend teaching just one pupil, teachers would be able to pinpoint just what parts of the lesson their student is having trouble understanding.This ideal of one to one teaching is of course unlikely to become a reality any time soon - though it could be argued that home schooled children, and indeed those receiving regular private tuition, do enjoy some aspects of it already.The latest Labour party press release has stated that 12% of primary schools have class sizes of between 31 and 35. Government figures revel that 1% of primary school pupils are in classes of 36 or more. The education sector has ruled that no key stage one child (age five to seven) should be taught in a class with more than 30 pupils. This is supposed to be a strict ruling, allowing exceptions only in rare cases, such as twins or siblings wishing to remain in the same class, or when a child who has been placed in care requires a place.The 2016 school census shows that the majority of KS1 classes contain 29 or 30 pupils; and of those with more than 30, 95% have no more than 32 pupils. In secondary school class sizes remain roughly the same, averaging around 30 pupils. By Keystage five however, it is not uncommon for classes to be drastically smaller, especially at A level. In my history class there were only four of us. I can well remember the striking contrast between my general studies class, which had about 25 boisterous pupils, and my history lessons, which were conducted in a relaxed and rarefied atmosphere. I felt somehow more valued as an academic, learning in this environment, where the teacher called us by our first names, and would be able to spend considerable time with each of us, if we found ourselves struggling over a certain topic. No time was wasted with petty classroom disturbances: the preceding general studies lesson was always marred by some recalcitrant pupil causing disruption. The four of us we were always on our best behaviour - indeed, we were eager to learn, to take part in the spontaneous discussions that were a feature of most lessons, and which the teacher always encouraged. Was Napoleon a hero, or a tyrant? Did he betray the libertarian values of the French Revolution by cro wning himself Emperor? By debating such topics we took an active role in our own education, found our own confidence, our own voices. In a class of thirty such debates would probably have got out of hand, and the teacher would be reluctant to try such an unconventional teaching method.What must not be forgotten is that acquiring social skills at school is just as important as the academic learning that takes place there. We can enumerate the benefits of smaller class sizes, and even one on one home schooling; but if we reduce the number of peers children are interacting with, we may well be denying them the opportunities to develop necessary social abilities. Besides this, many influential studies, conducted by respected organisations such as the Grattan Institute, McKinsey and a good pupil may still excel even if their class increases in size. 2 years ago0Add a Comment

When Should You Consider Getting a Math Tutor Chat?

When Should You Consider Getting a Math Tutor Chat?The number of parents nowadays who consider having a math tutor assistant is growing every day. If you are willing to undergo the course work in this aspect then it is very vital that you understand that getting a tutor chat service is actually possible.This tutor chat service is ideal for those who are in need of a math tutor and do not want to spend the money for one. However, even if you have the money to spend for your tutor, it would be a good idea to do a little research first to see if you can get the same service that you need in an online tutoring service. Some companies offer online tutoring as well so do not forget to check these out.Getting an online tutor chat is ideal for those who prefer to work from home. With this method, you can also gain much-needed work from home experience by yourself. In addition, if you are working with a tutor then you will know what it is like to have a tutor and not have to ask for help all the time.There are many places where you can get a tutor chat. For example, you can find a tutor on a specific website or maybe through a recommendation. If you do not know where to look then you can search the internet for tutors, ask around among your friends and take a look at advertisements or classifieds.If you are thinking of hiring a tutor chat, you should look for a company that has the maximum number of rated tutors. These certified tutors can give you a sense of trust and confidence when you are working with them.In addition, you can use this service if you have never had a math tutor before. As you know, in any situation, you may find yourself in a difficult situation but you do not know how to solve it. With a tutor chat, you can ask questions and they will help you with the answers.If you are thinking of getting a tutor chat, then you should definitely consider getting one now. You will realize that you did not waste your money on such expenses.

Chemistry Oxidation and Reduction

Chemistry Oxidation and ReductionOxidation and reduction are widely regarded as 'dirty' words. Some people consider them to be unscientific and unethical. Most people in the profession of chemistry, however, know about oxidation and reduction and regard them as part of their job description. They do not consider them as dangerous or as practices that are unsafe.New substances have the tendency to react with one another and with its surroundings. This is inevitable as there is no room for safety in this process. There is a danger, however, when substances with different properties mix together and react. This happens mostly when two substances are identical but differ in chemical properties. This is called conjugation.Although these processes may seem easy enough to carry out, they are very complicated. The use of oxidizing agents or reducing agents and reacting reactions are the steps involved in this chemical reaction.All chemical reactions involve an element being reduced and an el ement being oxidized. In chemistry, these are referred to as oxidation and reduction reactions. A source of reactive substance can give rise to both oxidization and reduction reactions.The primary oxidizing agent in a chemical reaction is oxygen. Oxygen atoms are assigned to different chemical elements. Oxidation is the reduction of electrons.The secondary reducing agent in a chemical reaction is commonly known as the reducing agent. The basic steps involved in chemical reactions include reducing the reducing agent to its original state and then to the reducing product.Apart from oxygen, reducing agents like nickel, zinc, iron, lead, sodium, potassium, magnesium, boron, manganese, and calcium are used. However, the most common reducing agents are magnesium, boron, copper, aluminum, lead, and potassium. Nitrogen compounds like ammonia, water, nitric acid, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen are used in some reactions.

Organic Chemistry Tutor - An Introduction to Chemical Kinetics

Organic Chemistry Tutor - An Introduction to Chemical KineticsThe Organic Chemistry Tutor chemical kinetics theory describes how a person gets something out of a chemical reaction. It also describes the way in which chemicals react in a simple manner. Chemistry is an amazing science, and it has been studied and explained for a long time now.Chemical kinetics is an extension of the classical chemical equilibrium. It is used in place of equilibrium theory and other equations in molecular and cell biology. In chemistry, the chemical interactions that occur at the molecular level are referred to as chemical equilibrium. This simply means that the equilibrium will always be the same, depending on the types of molecules involved in the reactions that take place.Chemical kinetics applies to reactions that take place at the level of molecules. The basic reaction of molecular attraction and repulsion between molecules is called bond formation, while the other interactions involve electron tra nsfer. It is useful for chemical modeling.In the realm of the chemical kinetics, we can divide the process of equilibrium into two types. The first type includes the chemical reaction that takes place in the simple substance like water. In this type, there is a set of reactions that involve two molecules, including water molecules. There is another chemical reaction called the chemical equilibrium.Chemical equilibrium states that the amount of energy is conserved. This is quite a basic concept, but this has been the most commonly applied in the world of chemistry. The third type of equilibrium involves the system of chemical reaction that involves a number of substances, such as amino acids.These three types of equilibrium are the three main types of the chemical kinetics. Each type has its own advantages and disadvantages. Let us look at some of the advantages of these types of equilibrium, and then compare these to the free energy as an example.The first type of chemical equilibri um allows us to calculate the free energy (E) of a given chemical reaction, and this is useful for determining the various factors that affect the E. In other words, chemical kinetics gives us an insight into the quantitative and qualitative aspects of chemical reactions.

Studying French Verbs Le Futur Antérieur

Studying French Verbs Le Futur Antérieur Suzy S. If youve studied French verbs for a while, you probably know about le présent, le passé composé, limparfait, et le futur. You may also know something about reflexive verbs and verbs of motion, and their particularities in the passé composé. You may even be familiar with le passé simple. What happens, though, when you want to describe an action that hasnt happened yet, but that will be complete before a particular action or time in the future? In English, we use the future perfect tense to describe this. For example: 1) I will have done my homework by the time I go to sleep. 2) The construction will be finished before school starts. 3) They will have left for the concert before my friend arrives. In French, the equivalent tense is the futur antérieur, or the anterior future. Like the future perfect in English, it defines a particular point in time in the future and looks back towards (but not past) the present. The sentences above would, using the futur antérieur, translate to: 1) Jaurai fait mes devoirs avant que je mendors. 2) La construction sera fini avant la rentrée. 3) Ils seront partis pour le concert avant que mon ami arrive. The construction of this tense is very similar to the passé composé. In the futur antérieur, there are the same two parts: The auxiliary verb (avoir or être) and the past participle. Choose the auxiliary verb in the same way as you would for the passé composé. It will usually be avoir, unless the main verb is a verb of motion or a reflexive verb. In those cases, use être. Now instead of conjugating the auxiliary verb in the present tense, conjugate it into the future. Here is a review of their future forms: avoir être j aurai je serai tu auras tu seras il / elle / on aura il / elle / on sera nous aurons nous serons vous aurez vous serez ils / elles auront ils / elles seront Now form the past participle in the same way you would for passé composé. Remember to check for gender and number agreement if the auxiliary verb is être. Then put the two together, and you have the futur antérieur. Look back at the examples above in French to see if you can recognize how the verb was formed. Then look at the examples below: 1) Tu auras assisté au concert quand jarrive. 2) En août, je serai restée a San Francisco depuis cinq ans. 3) Ils auront rendu leurs livres à la bibliotèque avant la fin de lannée. Now try a few of your own. 1) Elle _________________ (marcher) cinq kilometres tous les jours cette semaine. She will have walked five kilometers every day this week. 2) Quand nous arrivons, ils _________________ (cuisiner) un repas delicious. When we arrive, they will have cooked a delicious meal. 3) Apres nous vacances cet été, nous _________________ (aller) en cinq pays différents. After our vacation this summer, we will have gone to five different countries. 4) Tu _________________ (se laver) avant 8h si tu veux partir a lheure. You will have washed yourself before 8am if you want to leave on time. Now check your answers  : 1) aura marché 2) auront cuisiné 3) serons allé(e)s (Use the extra “e” only if you are imagining a group with all girls.) 4) te seras lavé(e) (Like #3, use the extra “e” only if you imagine you are speaking to a girl in this sentence.) If your passé composé and future tenses are solid, hopefully this wasnt too difficult. If you did well on the first two but missed #3 or #4, consider also whether or not this was due to a need to review verbs of motion or reflexive verbs. If you are doing well, now that you have an introduction, try using the passé antérieur as you speak and write with your friends, classmates, and colleagues. For more help studying French verbs, work with a one-on-one tutor. French tutors are available to work with you for live online lessons, or in your home depending on location and availability. Search for your tutor now! Post Author:  Carol Beth L. Carol Beth teaches  French lessons in San Francisco, CA. She has her Masters in French language education from the Sorbonne University in Paris and has been teaching since 2009.  Learn more about Carol Beth here! Interested in Private Lessons? Search thousands of teachers for local and live, online lessons. Sign up for convenient, affordable private lessons today! Search for Your Teacher

Learn How to Introduce Yourself in Japanese

Learn How to Introduce Yourself in Japanese Introducing Yourself in Japanese: How to Start a Conversation Chapters Things You Need to Know about Japanese Society Starting a Conversation: What's Your Name in Japanese How to Say Hello My Name is in Japanese More Useful Phrases to Introduce Yourself in Japanese A Simple Conversation The Top 10 Expressions for Introducing Yourself in Japanese“We start ageing when we stop learning” - Japanese ProverbThis proverb perfectly illustrates how important learning is in our everyday lives. Our lives need to be full of learning and it doesn’t matter whether we learn music, languages, or maths.Learning a language or a musical instrument is stimulating and it allows us to learn more about the world and get out of our usual comfort zones.  So with that in mind, why not choose to move away from Western culture by learning Arabic, Mandarin Chinese, or even Japanese?Whether you take Japanese classes in order to travel to Japan or just to read mangas, there are a few facts about learning Japanese that you need to get to grips with.Firstly, knowing how to introduce yourself and start conversations is hugely important in any language, especially Japanese.  In fact, in Japanese culture, there’s a strict system of etiquette that you need to be aware of, too.Learning to introduce yourself can be seen as a positive sign that shows willingness to integrate yourself into Japanese culture as well as showing that you’re interested in the Japanese language.If you want to be comfortable when it comes to speaking, you should learn a few important Japanese words and phrases in order to introduce yourself. Getting private Japanese tutorials is a great place to start and plenty of other students have already started taking classes in order to achieve this goal.You’ll also have to learn how to read the Japanese writing systems of kanji, hiragana, and katakana as well as learning the necessary expressions to tell people who you are and ask about them, too.Luckily for you, this article covers exactly how to do all this!???? DoitsujinFrench: ? ???? FuransujinEnglish: ????? IgirisujinChinese: ??? Chugokujin,Spanish: ????? Supeinjin,Italian: ????? ItariajinPop quiz: How would you say “I’m Spanish”?What does “Watashi wa igirisujin desu” mean?If you're an astronaut, you'll just have to look up the Japanese word yourself. (Source: pixabay.com)Of course, you’ll need more than just a few words to be able to find a job in Japan. However, these expressions are perfect for anyone who’s planning a trip to the land of the rising sun.  If you want to say how old you are, you’re going to need to learn how to count in Japanese.Talking about Your JobOnce you’ve told people your name and how old you are, it’s very common to asking people about what they do.Why? Because asking what somebody does shows that you’re interested in them.?????????Watashi wa shibunksha desu.Translation: I’m a journalist.Other jobs:  JobKanjiKanaRomajiLawyer???????bengoshiDriver?????????untenshuCook????????chorishiDentist???????haishaDocto r?????ishaOffice Worker?????????kaishainHairdresser???????biyoshiStudent??????gakuseiHousewife?????shufuCivil Servant????????komuinSelf employed?????????jieigyoNurse???????kangoshiEngineer?????enjiniaPharmacist????????yakuzaishiTalking about Hobbies? ____ ??,Shumi ha ____ desuMy hobby is ____.You can also say “Suki desu” + the hobby which means “I like” with the words for hobbies like dancing or football, for example.Hobbies:Film, ??? , EigaDance, ???, DansuMusic, ????, Ongaku,Song, ??, Uta,Reading, ????, Dokusho,Walking, ???, Sanpo,Sport, ????, Supôtsu,Football, ????, Sakkâ,Ski, ???, Sukî,Swimming, ????, Suiei,Gardening, ????, Engei.With just a few expressions and words, you can now tell people what kind of things you like and you could even use the phrase “ni kyoumi ga arimasu” which means “My interest(s) is/are...”You should also consider investing in a small English-Japanese dictionary if your hobbies aren’t on the list. A Simple ConversationHajimemashite. ( Nice to meet you) Watashi no namae wa Peter desu. (My name is Peter) Watashi wa ni-juu go sai desu. (I’m 25) New York ni sunde imasu. (I live in New York) Gakusei desu. (I’m a student) Suki desu suiei. (I like swimming) Douzo yoroshiku onegaishimasu. (I’m delighted to meet you).You now know enough Japanese to go for a meal with your Japanese friends. (Source:  stock.tookapic.com)You could also add “Konichiwa”, which means “Hello”, to the start of the conversation.  It should be noted that the greetings in Japanese change depending on what time of the day you’re greeting somebody.In Japanese, “Konichiwa” is generally used after 10:30am and before the evening.  In the morning, you should use “ohayô” (the most polite form) which means “good morning” or “konbawa” in the evening, which relates to “good evening” in English.  Of course, these are only greetings and not really a way of having a conversation with someone.If you’d like to go further and ask about the person you’re talking to, you can use some of the following expressions:Anata no namae wa nan desuka? What’s your name?Anata no shoukugyou wa nani desuka? What do you do?Nansai desuka? How old are you?Ogenkideska? How are you?Kimi no shumi ha nan desu ka? (What are your hobbies? What do you like to do in your free time?)You should also learn how to tell the time in Japanese. This is also useful for starting conversations.In short:Starting to learn a language isn’t easy. This is especially true when the writing system isn’t the same as the one you’re used to. The same is trues for languages like Arabic, Chinese, and Russian, which all use different writing systems to English.Life in Japan is governed by a series of rules that you should follow if you want to be thought of as well-mannered, and there are a number of thing you can do to be polite in Japan. Introducing yourself isn’t difficult to master but you should take care to follow the rules of how to be courteous. Learning to speak Japanese can take a lot of time but you can learn a few important expressions before you travel there.You can find resources to learn Japanese online that will help you find the expressions you’ll need in order to have a conversation and introduce yourself. Don’t forget that the Japanese have introducing themselves down to an art.In order to learn effectively, we recommend learning to read, write, and speak Japanese. You should also get a notepad and a dictionary in order to practice writing the characters as well as the phonetic transcription of them.You should also check out the Minna no nihongo method for learning Japanese.Make sure you take your Japanese friends somewhere nice! (Source: ? ?) The Top 10 Expressions for Introducing Yourself in JapaneseHere’s a table summarizing the Japanese expressions that you’ll need in order to introduce yourself.RômajiJapaneseEnglishHajimemashite??????Nice to meet youWatashi ha ... to moshimasu??____?????M y name is... (very polite)Watashi ha ... desu??____??I’m ...Dozo Yoroshiku Oneigaishimasu?????????????Thank you for this new relationship/friendshipKochira Kosso Oneigaishimasu???????????Equivalent to “me too”, “likewise”, or “nice to meet you too”.Watashi wa Amerika jin desu? ? ????? ??I’m AmericanKara kimashita??????I’m from...... sai desu... ???I’m ... years old.ni kyômi ga alimass????????My interests include...... ni sundeimasu... ???????I live in ...These simple Japanese expressions obviously won’t make you fluent in the language.  However, they’re useful expressions for anyone who’s just started learning the language or anyone who’s planning a trip to Japan.Once you’re there, the Japanese will appreciate a foreigner making an effort to introduce themselves in Japanese and follow the general rules of politeness observed in the country.If you’re still interested in learning Japanese, then you should definitely take a look at Japanese tutors avail able on Superprof.  A private tutor can plan their tutorials to you and soon you’ll be able to speak, read, and write Japanese.If you want to go to Tokyo, Kyoto, Osaka, or anywhere in Japan, your first stop should be Superprof!